Search is big business. For the little Mom and Pop operations, appearing 2nd in a Google or Bing can really make a difference in the amount of business they receive. Thus there is incentive to ensure that any business scores appears high in the RELEVANT page rankings...
And this is where things get interesting...Google generates billions of dollars a year by producing relevant search results and they also spend a pretty penny ensuring that the results they produce are as close to, if not exactly what users are looking for.
And they are not alone...Microsoft has made aggressive moves in the search game, and services like Facebook, Twitter and Yelp are bringing change to the nature of search.
With billions of dollars at stake it is in the interests of these companies to ensure that the results they produce are organic and relevant. However many businesses, small and large would like the exposure of appearing amongst the top results of a online search, and in many cases the relevance of the company to the search could very well be an afterthought.
With that said, there exists a middle ground...a place where search engines, businesses and searchers can co-exist in harmony...
Once upon a time it was possible to completely game search engines...today that is not the case...simply put search services have way to much to loose by letting the integrity of a search slide...still with some understanding of what makes a page relevant, businesses can take pro active measures to try to put their website in front of potential customers, via search. The following are a few relatively easy and not to technical approaches.
Key words:
While dumping relevant words and not so relevant words in a website is frowned upon by most search engines, ensuring that the right words are placed in the right spot, does nothing but help search engines return relevant results. Here a a few examples; domain name and website title - because you can really only have one domain name and because there is limited space for keywords, it is in the best interest of a website to select the most relevant terms. For instance...it may be tempting to load in some celebrity names in your keywords...as such terms are highly searched...however if these are not relevant to ones offerings then this page is likely to never be seen...so if one is not going to load up there keywords with celebrity names, what should they load up with? The answer is to stack the keywords with something specific, because generally speaking the use of broad terms increases the competition. While the Social Media Bible claims that by using meta tags to identify keywords to the bots that ultimately index the internet, one can boost their search result rankings to the first page, it is obviously not the case. This is because anyone can do the exact same thing and everyone has the incentives to do the exact same thing...so if your using general terms to rank higher and everyone else is as well there are less relevant gains...
So how do you pick the right keywords...Assume that you own a jewelery store located in the city of Toronto and suppose through anecdotal evidence the majority of your sales are gifts...while it might be tempting to enter Toronto, Jewelery, Rolex, Diamonds etc as keywords...you are better avoiding these terms, because there is likely to be intense competition...alternative words that are likely to have less competition are the region of the city (Yonge and Eglinton) and something like "gifts for the person who has everything" or "high end gifts"...while you may miss out on the Rolex Toronto searches (which there is no guarantee for high rankings)...your website will certainly appear high for someone looking to spend some decent money on a gift in your area...it also never hurts to name drop through out the website...If a company has the resources to list the brand and model names of their inventory...then odds are they can rank fairly high as a result of frequent updates and niche information...
Location:
As illustrated with the above example location is a huge part of relevance...In fact some, if not all search engines, automatically consider the searches location in rendering results...but never the less...odds are that location has some relevance to a business...Let's consider a live music venue in the city of Toronto...
By being listed in the relevant online publications and directories, search engines can confirm that the given venue is in fact located in Toronto and does in fact host live music...two features that make it relevant...however search engine relevance is only the beginning...
Consider that the venue is likely to have different bands on different nights...to this end it makes sense to also employ services like Twitter and Facebook, where the venue can share a nightly line up with anyone interested in the venue or the band playing on a given night...while this is technically not SEO...the fact that real time (Twitter) and recommendations (Facebook) are becoming forces in search (not to mention being integrated into the websites) means that these sites will increasingly assist in determining relevance...
Back links:
Perhaps the most powerful tool in determining relevance...back links are those who link to your site... and the more reputable their website the more value the link...for example should the aforementioned jewelry store list in Canpages and Yellow Pages...the a search engine like Google can be relatively confident that they are actually a jewelery store in Toronto that sells what it advertises...if this same store has done something notable enough to generate some press coverage (and a link in s seasonal city shopping guide) then there is further reason to rank high...If for some reason Rolex links directly to the store...then they are likely to score a high ranking in a search for something as competitive as Rolex Toronto...Still it should be noted that this cannot be gamed...it is the quality of the back links and not the quantity that determine the relevance...
In short...while having some idea of how search works can only benefit the rankings...it is no silver bullet...anything that is not organic can be done by the competition and search engines have way too much technology and way too much to loose to allow for the integrity of the search to diminish...
But for most business owners this is good news...you do not need to be a tech wiz to rank high...you just need to be relevant...and odds are that such relevance comes about in your day to day operations and not your online trickery...